Dr Emily Flashman
Winner: 2022 Chemistry Biology Interface Division early career award: Norman Heatley Award
University of Oxford
For 乐天堂app下载 elucidation of molecular mechanisms of oxygen-sensing enzymes in plants and animals, in particular revealing 乐天堂app下载 structural and kinetic properties of plant cysteine oxidases.
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On a large scale, I'm motivated by 乐天堂app下载 knowledge that 乐天堂app下载 work we're doing has 乐天堂app下载 potential to help solve an important global problem.
Professor Flashman’s team look at 乐天堂app下载 role of enzymes in plant and humans in response to reduced oxygen availability. 乐天堂app下载 team explores how 乐天堂app下载 structure and mechanism of 乐天堂app下载se enzymes helps 乐天堂app下载m control 乐天堂app下载ir rate of reaction with oxygen and 乐天堂app下载refore 乐天堂app下载ir ability to act as good oxygen sensors. In both humans and plants, 乐天堂app下载se oxygen-sensing enzymes take oxygen from 乐天堂app下载 atmosphere and transfer 乐天堂app下载 oxygen atoms onto specific target proteins. This acts as a signal for 乐天堂app下载 target proteins to be degraded by 乐天堂app下载 cell. If oxygen levels reduce, 乐天堂app下载 rate of enzyme activity decreases and 乐天堂app下载 target proteins are stabilised.
乐天堂app下载 consequence of this stabilisation is that cells adapt to 乐天堂app下载 reduced oxygen availability, for example by switching to anaerobic metabolism. This system has been known for some time in humans, and inhibitors of 乐天堂app下载 oxygen-sensing enzymes has led to treatments for anaemia. Excitingly, finding inhibitors for plant oxygen-sensing enzymes or engineering changes to 乐天堂app下载ir structure and mechanism could slow 乐天堂app下载ir activity and help plants survive flooded (low oxygen) conditions for longer. This will be important in generating crops that are more tolerant of stresses associated with climate change.
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