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In this project, 乐天堂app下载 researchers in 乐天堂app下载 university focused on developing a highly efficient technology with long durability while 乐天堂app下载 engineers in 乐天堂app下载 ZEM Fuel Systems focused on scaling up 乐天堂app下载 technology and 乐天堂app下载 safe use of ammonia as fuel.

As shipping is responsible for 3% global CO₂ emissions, we need a change from fossil fuel driven marine transport to a renewable one. To do so, we need a green fuel to replace marine diesel oil, especially for long distance shipping. Ammonia is a zero carbon, low cost fuel and easy to transport and store. It has higher energy density compared to hydrogen and existing infrastructure. Although hydrocarbon fuels store more energy due to 乐天堂app下载 greater efficiency of ammonia powered fuel cells, direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cells have a similar overall performance to liquid propane gas (LPG) powered internal combustion engines.

Ammonia will play a critical role to decarbonise 乐天堂app下载 maritime industry. 乐天堂app下载 next steps for our technology are to demonstrate 乐天堂app下载 technology on vessels and 乐天堂app下载 safe use of ammonia as fuel in our project funded by 乐天堂app下载 Department for Transport under 乐天堂app下载 Clean Maritime Demonstration Competition Round 3.

To speed up implementation of innovative technologies, multidisciplinary industry-academia collaboration is 乐天堂app下载 key.